The following recommendations are designed to modernise Pakistan’s agricultural sector by adopting advanced technologies, boosting profitability, strengthening resilience against climate change, and promoting private investment. The integration of modern research, technology, and gender inclusivity is essential to building a robust, sustainable agricultural framework capable of withstanding environmental challenges and climate change impacts, not just in Pakistan but also within the region:

o     Adopt and implement modern agricultural technologies and ensure their dissemination to farmers and crop growers at the grassroots level. This approach is vital for maximising impact and achieving desired outcomes in the agricultural sector.

o   Recognise that farming is currently less attractive to private investors compared to other sectors. The government should implement strategies to make agriculture consistently profitable, thereby encouraging private sector involvement and contributing to the sector’s growth and development.

o   Increase government investment in modern agricultural practices and technologies. Actively communicate the benefits of these advancements at the grassroots level, particularly as a means to mitigate the impacts of climate change on agriculture.

o   Identify and address the underlying reasons for limited private sector participation in agriculture. The government should offer incentives and actively promote the sector’s potential benefits to attract private investments.

o   Promote active involvement of the academic sector in researching climate-smart agriculture practices. This research should aim to develop innovative strategies and technologies tailored to Pakistan’s unique agricultural challenges and climate conditions.

o   Establish an advanced agricultural mapping system in Pakistan. This system should enable the identification of lands best suited for specific agricultural purposes, optimising resource allocation and enhancing overall sector development.

o   Enact appropriate environmental laws and formulate clear, consistent policy guidelines to support climate-smart agriculture. This approach is essential to ensure sustainable and responsible agricultural practices that align with both national and global environmental standards.

o   Boost female participation in the agricultural sector, particularly in rural areas. Women play a critical role in agriculture, and addressing malnutrition among them is key to managing food security challenges.

o   Tailor region-specific policies to effectively address the impact of pests and climate change on agriculture. These policies should be adapted to local conditions and risks to effectively mitigate adverse effects and promote sustainable agricultural growth.